from Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction :
when a current carrying conductor cuts the magnetic field an E.M.F (electro motive force) is produced and it sets up in such a direction so as to oppose the cause of it.
the stator winding of a motor which produces the R.M.F (rotating magnetic field) serves as the magnetic field and the armature winding is the current carrying conductor which cuts the magnetic field , thus an EMF is induced in the armature which again produces a force to oppose the emf produced in the armature winding.
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