What can cause a child to get a noncommunicable disease such as sickle cell anemia?

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder caused by inheriting two copies of the sickle cell gene, one from each parent. This mutation affects the hemoglobin in red blood cells, causing them to become rigid and shaped like a sickle, which can block blood flow and lead to various health complications. Noncommunicable diseases like sickle cell anemia are not caused by infections or external factors but rather by genetic predisposition. Other factors like environmental stressors can exacerbate the condition, but the fundamental cause is genetic inheritance.