How do you identify limonene?

Limonene can be identified through various methods, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which separates and identifies compounds based on their mass and structure. Additionally, its distinctive citrus aroma can be a qualitative indicator. In the laboratory, limonene can be extracted from citrus peels and further characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy to confirm functional groups. Finally, specific chemical tests, such as reacting with bromine water, can also indicate the presence of limonene due to its reactivity as a terpene.