What state contributed to a federal courts decision to abolish the hands off doctrine?

The state of Arkansas contributed to the federal courts' decision to abolish the hands-off doctrine through the case of Pugh v. Locke in 1972. In this case, the U.S. District Court ruled that the conditions in Arkansas prisons violated the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment. This decision marked a shift towards greater judicial intervention in prison affairs, rejecting the hands-off approach that had previously limited federal courts' involvement in prison management. The ruling set a precedent for increased oversight of prison conditions nationwide.