Why living state is a non-equilibrium steady state?

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2026-04-23 09:16

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Living systems are considered non-equilibrium steady states because they maintain a complex balance of energy and matter flows that differ from equilibrium conditions. Unlike systems at equilibrium, where there are no net changes, living organisms constantly exchange energy and materials with their environment to sustain life processes, such as metabolism and growth. This continual input and output allow them to maintain order and function despite the inherent chaos of biological processes, thus preventing them from reaching equilibrium.

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