How many castes are there in Indian society today?

Indian society comprises numerous castes, with estimates suggesting over 2,000 distinct castes spread across various regions and communities. These castes are often categorized into four primary groups known as varnas: Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras. Additionally, the Caste System includes Scheduled Castes (Dalits) and Scheduled Tribes, which are recognized for affirmative action purposes. The exact number of castes can vary based on different social, cultural, and regional contexts.