How do you control demand characteristics?

To control demand characteristics, researchers can use techniques such as double-blind procedures, where neither the participants nor the experimenters know who is receiving which treatment, to minimize biases. Additionally, providing clear instructions that emphasize the importance of responding naturally and ensuring that the study's purpose is not disclosed can help reduce participant expectations. Random assignment can also aid in controlling for demand characteristics by evenly distributing potential influences across experimental groups. Finally, using deception ethically, when necessary, can help maintain the integrity of the study's findings.