How is a scientific theory different than a scientfic law?

A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of evidence and tested hypotheses, while a scientific law is a statement that describes a consistent and universal phenomenon observed in nature, often expressed mathematically. Theories aim to explain why things happen, whereas laws describe what happens under certain conditions. Essentially, theories provide the framework for understanding, while laws define specific relationships observed in nature.