What is the diaghragm and what does it do?

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the thoracic cavity, separating the chest from the abdomen. It plays a crucial role in respiration by contracting and flattening during inhalation, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and allows air to flow into the lungs. When it relaxes during exhalation, the diaphragm returns to its original shape, helping to expel air from the lungs. Additionally, it assists in increasing intra-abdominal pressure, which is important for various bodily functions.