Why do countries use desalination?

Countries use desalination to address freshwater scarcity caused by factors such as population growth, climate change, and limited natural water resources. Desalination processes convert seawater into potable water, providing a reliable supply for drinking, agriculture, and industrial use. This technology is particularly crucial for arid and coastal regions where freshwater sources are insufficient. Additionally, it helps enhance water security and resilience against droughts and fluctuating rainfall patterns.