How do vibration cause sound waves?

Vibrations create sound waves by causing particles in a medium, such as air, water, or solids, to oscillate back and forth. When an object vibrates, it pushes and pulls on nearby particles, creating areas of compression and rarefaction that propagate through the medium. These pressure changes travel as sound waves, which we perceive as sound. The frequency and amplitude of the vibrations determine the pitch and loudness of the sound produced.