Why do Japanese women in paintings have white make up?

In traditional Japanese art, the use of white makeup, known as "oshiroi," symbolizes purity, elegance, and refinement. This practice dates back to the Heian period and is closely associated with the idealized beauty standards of the time. The white face also serves to highlight the features of the eyes and lips, enhancing the overall aesthetic of the artwork. Additionally, it reflects cultural values and social status, as wearing such makeup was often limited to the elite and performing arts.