What causes kidneys to stop working?

Kidneys can stop working due to various factors, including chronic conditions like Diabetes and hypertension, which can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys over time. Acute kidney injury may occur from sudden events such as severe dehydration, infections, or exposure to certain toxins and medications. Additionally, structural issues, such as polycystic kidney disease or kidney stones, can obstruct normal kidney function. Collectively, these factors can lead to a decline in the kidneys' ability to filter waste and maintain fluid balance.