How do you avoid defects such as undercut and burn through in welding?

To avoid defects like undercut and burn through in welding, it's essential to control heat input by adjusting parameters such as voltage, amperage, and travel speed appropriately for the material being welded. Maintaining a proper welding technique, including consistent arc length and travel angle, helps ensure uniform heat distribution. Additionally, using appropriate filler materials and preheating the workpieces can further minimize the risk of these defects. Regular inspection and practice also contribute to improved welding quality and defect prevention.