No, they spoke many thousands of different languages throughout the Americas. Even neighbouring tribes could not understand each other - such as the Comanche and Kiowa, who were allied in the fight against white settlers.
All the member tribes of the Iroquois League spoke entirely different languages, even though they were all classed as "Iroquoian".
This difference in language was no barrier to communication. Some tribespeople married into other tribes and learned their language, becoming effective interpreters. In most of the Americas sign languages developed, such as the Plains sign language which enabled (for example) a Crow warrior to have a long, silent conversation with a Nez Perce warrior, even at a distance from each other. Sign language was designed to work both face-to-face and at 200 yards away.
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