What is a true theocracy?

A true theocracy is a system of government in which religious leaders or institutions hold political power and govern according to religious laws and principles. In a theocracy, the state's legal system is often based on specific religious doctrines, and the authority of the government is derived from divine guidance or religious texts. This form of governance typically limits political participation to those within the religious establishment and can suppress dissenting beliefs or practices. Examples include Iran, where the Islamic clergy holds significant power, and Vatican City, governed by the Pope.