Why the area of cathode should be smaller than area of anode?

The area of the cathode should be smaller than that of the anode to ensure optimal electrochemical reactions and maintain efficient current distribution. A smaller cathode area helps to control the rate of reduction reactions and prevents excessive mass transport limitations, which can hinder performance. Additionally, this design minimizes the risk of localized corrosion and enhances overall cell stability and longevity. Balancing the areas also aids in managing voltage losses and improving energy efficiency in electrochemical systems.