The Louisiana Purchase in 1803 significantly expanded U.S. territory, intensifying the debate over the expansion of slavery into new areas. As settlers moved westward, the question arose whether these new territories would permit slavery, leading to conflicts such as the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which attempted to maintain a balance between free and slave states. This expansion ultimately heightened sectional tensions, contributing to the conditions that led to the Civil War. The acquisition of such vast lands opened the door for the spread of plantation agriculture, further entrenching the institution of slavery in American society.
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