How is England government different from the US?

Parliamentary government differs from presidential government in many ways, but Britain is only one of many examples of parliamentary government.

First and foremost, the head of government and the head of state are different positions for different people and have different roles. In traditional parliamentary systems, the head of state is a ceremonial position which usually involves being essentially the country's top diplomat, advising the head of government, performing state functions like visiting other countries on state visits, receiving foreign officials, presenting state honours and sometimes even vetoing legislation. The head of state in a parliamentary system is almost exclusively called either a president or a king/queen (the UK has a Queen currently). If the head of state is a president in a parliamentary system, then he or she is usually either elected by the people or by parliament.

The head of government is the person who actually runs the country, and this person will usually co-ordinate government departments or actively order government ministers around depending on his or her style of governing. The head of government is always the leader of the ruling party in parliament. The title of the head of government varies per country (president of the government, president of the council of ministers, first minister, minister of state, chancellor, minister-president, premier, etc.) but is usually translated into English as 'prime minister', which is the version the UK uses.

Secondly, all the members of the government are part of the legislature (Parliament in the UK, Bundestag in Germany, Riksdag in Sweden, Congress in the US) and are fully accountable to it. Government ministers in the UK, for example, all tend to come from members of the ruling political party in parliament and are usually directly accountable to the electorate.

Now, as an aside there is also one other major system of government: the premier-presidential system. This is the system used by France, Russia and many other countries and is third in popularity. Basically, the president is popularly elected and chooses the leader of the largest party in parliament to be his head of government (usually a prime minister, but Russia has a chairman of the government). The President sets the agenda and chooses the heads of government departments who are all from parliament, but the president remains directly in charge of all foreign affairs. In some cases, the president is forced to accept a government from a different party to his own (this is called 'cohabitation').