Is the phenomenon of dilatancy more in plane strain problems when compared to axis symmetric problems?

Dilatancy, which refers to the increase in volume of a material when it is sheared, can manifest differently in plane strain versus axisymmetric problems. In plane strain conditions, the material can experience more complex stress states and deformation patterns, potentially leading to a greater expression of dilatancy. Conversely, axisymmetric problems often involve uniform radial stress distribution, which may not induce the same level of volume change. Therefore, dilatancy is generally more pronounced in plane strain problems compared to axisymmetric scenariOS.