What is the Ivory Coast's biggest problem facing the nation?

That's probably their debt to foreign countries.

I personally happen to believe that the biggest challenge for Ivory Coast are the volatile commodity prices. The country is an agriculture super-power and any sudden drop in prices of Cocoa or Palm Oil may trigger a wave of protests.

Since the World (see Jim Rogers and Marc Faber on commodities super-cycle..) is in dire need of agriculture products, I believe this will be a great decade for IC. However, if the country will not succeed in diversifying the economy and the money from the exports are not spent on the long-term capital projects and into potential future drives of economic growth, the country will find itself on a brink of civil war again (and this I happen to believe will happen).