Why is new money printed every year and who decides to do this?

New money is printed each year primarily to accommodate economic growth, manage inflation, and ensure liquidity in the financial system. Central banks, such as the Federal Reserve in the United States, are responsible for determining the appropriate amount of money to print based on various economic indicators. They use monetary policy tools to regulate the money supply, aiming to stabilize prices and promote economic stability. This process is crucial for supporting economic activity and responding to changing financial conditions.