What group of people worked in factories in the late 1800's?

In the late 1800s, factories primarily employed immigrants and rural workers seeking economic opportunities. Many laborers were women and children, who often worked long hours in harsh conditions for minimal pay. This workforce was essential for the rapid industrialization occurring during this period, as factories expanded to meet growing demands. Additionally, various ethnic groups, including Irish, German, and Italian immigrants, played a significant role in the industrial labor force.