Why is Richard Arkwright called the father of the factory system?

Richard Arkwright is called the father of the factory system because he revolutionized the textile industry by developing the water frame, a spinning machine that enabled the mass production of yarn. His innovations led to the establishment of the first modern factories, where workers and machines were brought together under one roof, significantly increasing efficiency and output. Arkwright's model emphasized organization, division of labor, and the use of water power, setting the foundation for industrial manufacturing practices that would dominate the Industrial Revolution.