What is pneumomediastinum?

Pneumomediastinum is a medical condition characterized by the presence of air in the mediastinum, the central compartment of the thoracic cavity that contains the heart, trachea, esophagus, and major blood vessels. This can occur due to various causes, such as trauma, rupture of the esophagus, or excessive pressure in the lungs. Symptoms may include chest pain, difficulty breathing, and a feeling of fullness in the chest. While it can be self-limiting, treatment may be necessary depending on the underlying cause and severity.