Most states have Financial Responsibility Laws, which mandate the maintenance of liability insurance.
However, another aspect of those laws usually provides that if a civil judgment is entered against the driver/owner of the vehicle and the judgment remains unpaid for a stated period of time (often 30 days), drivers licenses and tags can be suspended. Importantly, the judgment must arise from a motor vehicle collision (not, for example, an unpaid debt).
The party getting the judgment in his/her/its favor usually must apply to the licensing authorities for the suspension. The authority usually requires a certified copy of the judgment (obtained from the Clerk of Court where the judgment was entered), and a document that may be called a "Record of Unsatisfied Judgment" (or similar) also issued by the Clerk. In this case, the material would be sent to the GA driver's license authority with a request that the license be suspended. In due course, you woould normally receive confirmation.
Depending upon the timing of the license renewal request and the suspension, the person may have already renewed and physically obtained the renewal license. While technically driving on a suspended license, he/she may get away with it until stopped for a traffic violation. Law enforcement then would check the validity of the license and find it to be suspended. The penalty for driving on a suspended license compounds that for the underlying traffic offense.
If the suspension occurred before the time for renewal, the Financial Responsibility Law usually requires that the judgment be paid as a condition of renewal. Also, the judgment debtor would probably have to obtain and maintain a high-risk form of liability insurance for a period of time. It i often referred to as an SR-22 and is more costly than standard liability insurance.
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