What was the influence of nomadic peoples on civilized societies?

Nomadic peoples significantly influenced civilized societies through trade, cultural exchange, and military interactions. They often acted as intermediaries, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and technologies between different civilizations. Their mobility and adaptability also contributed to the spread of innovations such as the domestication of animals and agricultural practices. Additionally, nomadic groups sometimes challenged settled societies through raids or migrations, prompting changes in political structures and social organization.