Reasons for capping and lamination in tablet compression?

Capping and lamination in tablet compression occur primarily due to insufficient binding between particles, excessive compression force, or moisture absorption. Capping happens when the tablet splits or separates horizontally, while lamination refers to the formation of distinct layers within the tablet. These defects can lead to inconsistent drug release and compromised tablet integrity. To mitigate these issues, optimizing formulation, adjusting compression parameters, and controlling moisture levels are essential.