How does the gravitational pull of the sun and moon affect the tides on Earth?

The gravitational pull of the sun and moon causes the tides on Earth. The moon's gravity primarily affects the tides, creating high and low tides as it orbits the Earth. The sun's gravity also plays a role, reinforcing or counteracting the effects of the moon's gravity. This gravitational interaction results in the predictable pattern of two high tides and two low tides each day.