Does temperature increase as altitude increases because you move closer to the sun?

No temperaure change in the Earth's atmosphere is related to your distance from the sun.

And temperature generally decreases with atitude.

Interesting . . . Let's say your friend is walking along the sidewalk, and you're in a

commercial airliner flying at 35,000 feet above him.

He's about 0.000007 percent farther from the sun than you are. I'm guessing

that the heat he absorbs from the cigar being smoked by the guy across the

street is enough to make up that much difference between his solar environment

and yours.

(Here we're talking heat only. Not solar X-rays, UV, energetic particles, or gamma rays.)