How do historians know which particular routs cartier traveled?

Historians determine the routes traveled by Jacques Cartier through a combination of primary sources, such as Cartier's own journals and accounts, as well as maps created during his expeditions. These documents provide detailed descriptions of his journeys, including landmarks and geographic features he encountered. Additionally, archaeological evidence and historical accounts from Indigenous peoples help corroborate and clarify his routes. By analyzing these sources collectively, historians can reconstruct Cartier's travels with greater accuracy.