Aryan society, characterized by a nomadic and pastoral lifestyle, was primarily organized around tribal units and a Caste System, which stratified society based on occupation and lineage. In contrast, Harappan society was more urbanized, with advanced city planning, a centralized economy, and a focus on trade and agricultural production. While Aryans placed emphasis on oral traditions and rituals, Harappans developed a writing system and had a more uniform culture across their cities. This fundamental difference in social structure and urbanization reflects the diverse ways of life in ancient India.
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