Why was the third estate considered the unprivileged class?

The Third Estate in pre-revolutionary France was considered the unprivileged class because it comprised the vast majority of the population, including peasants, urban workers, and the bourgeoisie, yet bore the brunt of taxation and had little political power. Unlike the First Estate (clergy) and Second Estate (nobility), who enjoyed various privileges and exemptions, the Third Estate had to fund the state through heavy taxes while lacking representation in government. This inequity fueled discontent and ultimately contributed to the French Revolution.