How did Janis Joplin get her scratchy voice?

Janis Joplin's scratchy voice was largely a result of her unique vocal technique and lifestyle. She often sang with raw emotion, pushing her voice to its limits, which contributed to its distinctive, raspy quality. Additionally, her heavy smoking and lifestyle choices, including drinking and performing frequently, further affected her vocal cords, enhancing the gritty texture of her voice. This combination of technique and personal habits helped define her iconic sound.