When did the pharoas begin?

The era of the pharaohs in ancient Egypt began around 3100 BCE with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, traditionally attributed to King Narmer (also known as Menes). This marked the start of the Early Dynastic Period, which laid the foundation for the development of one of the world's earliest and most influential civilizations. The pharaonic rule continued for several millennia, encompassing various dynasties and periods until the conquest of Alexander the great in 332 BCE.