Does too much testosterone lower or raise hemoglobin?

Excess testosterone can lead to increased hemoglobin levels. This is because testosterone stimulates erythropoiesis, the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. However, excessively high levels of testosterone can also lead to potential health risks, including polycythemia, a condition characterized by an abnormal increase in red blood cells. Therefore, while testosterone generally raises hemoglobin, moderation is crucial for overall health.