How close spaces trap heat?

Close spaces trap heat primarily through a combination of insulation and limited airflow. When a space is confined, the heat generated by occupants, appliances, and lighting gets absorbed by surfaces and materials within that space, preventing it from dissipating effectively. Additionally, restricted airflow limits the exchange of warm indoor air with cooler outdoor air, leading to an accumulation of heat. This effect is further intensified in well-insulated areas, where heat retention is maximized.