Can an electric toaster oven having an input power of 1700W 120V be safe to be used with a 15Amp receptacle?

No. The maximum wattage to be used on a 15A outlet is 1800 watts, however you should never have a continuous load of more than 80%, which is 1440 watts. Because you may be cooking something in the toaster oven for more than just a minute or so, it could become dangerous.