What is modal key?

A modal key refers to a musical key that is based on a mode, which is a specific scale pattern that differs from the traditional major and minor scales. Modes can create different moods and tonalities, with examples including Dorian, Phrygian, and Mixolydian. Each mode has its own unique sequence of whole and half steps, influencing the harmonic and melodic characteristics of the music. Composers often use modal keys to explore varied emotional landscapes beyond the typical major and minor tonalities.