What are the different types of umbilical cord abnormalities and how do they impact pregnancy and childbirth?

There are several types of umbilical cord abnormalities, including cord knots, cord prolapse, and cord compression. These abnormalities can impact pregnancy and childbirth by potentially causing complications such as reduced blood flow to the baby, leading to fetal distress or even stillbirth. In some cases, these abnormalities may require medical intervention during labor to ensure the safety of both the mother and baby.