What are the negative effects of the water frame?

The water frame, developed by Richard Arkwright in the late 18th century, contributed to the industrial revolution but also had several negative effects. It led to the exploitation of labor, particularly child labor, as workers were drawn to factories for low wages and long hours in often dangerous conditions. Additionally, the concentration of production in factories increased urbanization, resulting in overcrowded cities with poor living conditions. The environmental impact also grew, as water sources were often polluted and natural landscapes altered to accommodate industrial needs.