How do you stake a claim to a gold mine?

If it is someone else's land you cannot claim it and there is pretty much no land left that no one owns. However if you do discover gold and it is not owned by a person and determining on how long you've been there you can check into squatters rights. Though if it is on your land you own the gold and no one can touch it but you. But if no one owns the land not Evan the government owns it and that's where squatters rights come in, this only applies to so many states though, but this is very unlikely.