How did Andrew carnegie become a robber baron?

Andrew Carnegie is often labeled a "robber baron" due to his aggressive business practices and the vast wealth he amassed in the steel industry during the late 19th century. He utilized innovative production techniques and ruthless competition to dominate the market, often exploiting labor and minimizing costs. Carnegie's strategies included undercutting competitors and consolidating power through vertical integration, which allowed him to control every aspect of steel production. While he also promoted philanthropy later in life, his methods of wealth accumulation were often criticized as unethical.