Filicophyta, commonly known as ferns, is a division of vascular plants characterized by their feathery leaves called fronds and their reproduction through spores rather than seeds. Ferns typically thrive in moist, shaded environments, with examples including the common bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) and the maidenhair fern (Adiantum). They play important ecological roles in forest ecosystems and are commonly used as ornamental plants in gardens.
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