What does bank initiated debit mean?

Bank-initiated debit refers to a transaction where a bank or financial institution withdraws funds directly from a customer's account, typically for purposes like loan repayments, service fees, or automatic bill payments. Unlike consumer-initiated debits, where the account holder authorizes the payment, bank-initiated debits are initiated by the bank based on pre-existing agreements. This process can streamline payments but requires prior consent from the account holder.