Among the molecules and ions listed, BeCl₂ (beryllium chloride) has a linear geometry due to its sp hybridization and the presence of two bonding pairs and no lone pairs of electrons. In contrast, PCl₅ (phosphorus pentachloride) has a trigonal bipyramidal shape, ClO₄⁻ (perchlorate) is tetrahedral, and PH₃ (phosphine) has a trigonal pyramidal shape. Thus, only BeCl₂ exhibits a linear molecular geometry.
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