How did humanism change the culture of Europe?

Humanism, emerging during the Renaissance, shifted European culture by emphasizing the value of individual experience, reason, and classical learning from ancient Greece and Rome. It encouraged a focus on secular subjects alongside religious themes, leading to advancements in art, literature, and science. This intellectual movement fostered critical thinking and challenged traditional doctrines, ultimately paving the way for modern secularism and the questioning of authority. The effects of humanism can be seen in the flourishing of the arts and the development of more personal expressions of faith and knowledge.