Zambian citizens resisted colonial rule through various means, including forming political organizations like the African National Congress and the United National Independence Party, which advocated for independence and civil rights. They also engaged in protests, strikes, and boycotts against colonial policies, particularly in response to labor exploitation and land dispossession. Additionally, traditional leaders and communities actively opposed colonial authorities, using cultural and social networks to mobilize resistance. The resilience of Zambians ultimately contributed to the country's independence in 1964.
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