How has Europe changed dramatically and religiously over the last few centuries?

Over the last few centuries, Europe has undergone significant religious transformations, marked by the Reformation and the rise of Protestantism, which challenged the Catholic Church's dominance. The Enlightenment fostered secularism and rational thought, diminishing the influence of religion on governance and public life. Additionally, the 20th century saw the emergence of new religious movements and a growing trend toward secularism and pluralism, reflecting a more diverse spiritual landscape. Today, Europe is characterized by a decline in traditional religious observance, with many individuals identifying as spiritual but not religious or as atheists.