What theory did Indian astronomers think about earth?

Indian astronomers, particularly during the classical period, developed the theory that the Earth is spherical and rotates on its axis. This understanding was articulated in texts such as the "Aryabhatiya" by Aryabhata, who posited that the Earth revolves around the Sun and explained celestial phenomena through mathematical models. They also recognized the concept of the Earth being part of a larger universe, contributing significantly to the field of astronomy.